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Diphtheria | Collections | MSF Science Portal
Diphtheria

Diphtheria

Collection Content

Journal Article
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Short Report

Diphtheria in Europe

Mangion JP, Mancini S, Bachy C, de Weggheleire A, Zamatto F
2023-06-21 • Public Health Action
2023-06-21 • Public Health Action
A rising number of diphtheria cases were recorded in Europe in 2022, including in Belgium, within the newly arriving young migrant population. In October 2022, Médecins Sans Frontières (...
Journal Article
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Research

Diphtheria antitoxin administration, outcomes, and safety: response to a diphtheria outbreak in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Eisenberg N, Panunzi I, Wolz A, Burzio C, Cilliers A,  et al.
2021-10-05 • Clinical Infectious Diseases
2021-10-05 • Clinical Infectious Diseases
BACKGROUND
Diphtheria has re-emerged over the past several years. There is a paucity of data on the administration and safety of diphtheria antitoxin (DAT), the standard treatment fo...
Journal Article
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Research

Evaluation of community based surveillance in the Rohingya refugee camps in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, 2019

Van Boetzelaer E, Chowdhury SM, Etsay B, Faruque A, Lenglet AD,  et al.
2020-12-23 • PLOS One
2020-12-23 • PLOS One
BACKGROUND
Following an influx of an estimated 742,000 Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh, Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) established an active indicator-based Community Based Surveilla...
Journal Article
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Commentary

Caring for Rohingya refugees with diphtheria and measles: on the ethics of humanity

Asgary R
2020-03-01 • Annals of Family Medicine
2020-03-01 • Annals of Family Medicine
Hundreds of thousands of Rohingya refugees arrived in Bangladesh within weeks in fall 2017, quickly forming large settlements without any basic support. Humanitarian first responders pro...
Journal Article
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Review

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of diphtheria: a systematic review and pooled analysis

Truelove SA, Keegan LT, Moss WJ, Chaisson LH, Macher E,  et al.
2019-08-19 • Clinical Infectious Diseases
2019-08-19 • Clinical Infectious Diseases
BACKGROUND
Diphtheria, once a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality, all but disappeared following introduction of diphtheria vaccine. Recent outbreaks highlight the risk ...
Conference Material
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Poster

Diphtheria in an emergency outbreak setting: a clinical and epidemiological analysis for children and adults, Bangladesh

Sikder E, del Barrio BV, Firuz W, Khatoon R, Opstrup A,  et al.
2019-04-29 • MSF Scientific Days International 2019
2019-04-29 • MSF Scientific Days International 2019
Journal Article
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Research

Real-time analysis of the diphtheria outbreak in forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals in Bangladesh

Finger F, Funk S, White K, Siddqui MR, Edmunds KL,  et al.
2019-03-12 • BMC Medicine
2019-03-12 • BMC Medicine
Between August and December 2017, more than 625,000 Rohingya from Myanmar fled into Bangladesh, settling in informal makeshift camps in Cox’s Bazar district and joining 212,000 Rohingya ...
Protocol
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Research Protocol

Vaccination coverage survey for diphtheria, Streptococcus pneumoniae, polio and tetanus in Rohingya refugee settlements in Ukhiya and Teknaf Upazilas, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Pereboom M, White K, Van Leeuwen C, Siddiqui R, Guzek J,  et al.
2018-07-01
2018-07-01
OBJECTIVES

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES
a) To describe the vaccine coverage (penta / dT) in children aged 6 months to 14 years for diphtheria in the Rohingya Settlement Camps;
Journal Article
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Review

The preventable tragedy of diphtheria in the 21st century

Blumberg LH, Prieto MA, Diaz JV, Blanco MJ, Valle B,  et al.
2018-06-08 • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
2018-06-08 • International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Journal Article
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Research

Diphtheria outbreak with high mortality in northeastern Nigeria

Besa NC, Coldiron ME, Bakri A, Raji A, Nsuami MJ,  et al.
2013-07-18 • Epidemiology and Infection
2013-07-18 • Epidemiology and Infection
SUMMARY A diphtheria outbreak occurred from February to November 2011 in the village of Kimba and its surrounding settlements, in Borno State, northeastern Nigeria. We conducted a retros...

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The climate crisis and health in humanitarian settings
The climate crisis and health in humanitarian settings
The climate crisis is also a health and humanitarian crisis, disproportionately impacting people in the world’s most climate-sensitive regions—mainly low- and low-middle income countries with the least capacity to respond. MSF and other humanitarian organizations witness the consequences daily. More frequent, intense weather events and a warming planet contribute to food and water scarcity, more severe and widespread disease outbreaks, and more injuries and preventable deaths. They also drive massive population displacement, with over 32 million people fleeing their homes in 2022 alone due to floods, drought, storms and fire—nearly triple the number displaced by violence and conflict. To mark Earth Day 2024 (22 April) we present a cross-section of work by MSF and collaborators, drawing from a range of data sources and from first-hand experience at our medical projects. Emphasizing the urgency of adapting humanitarian operations to the climate crisis, the collection also explores loss and damage through a health lens, proposes policies and practices for creating climate-resilient health organizations, and advocates for embedding fair, just ethics perspectives into humanitarian action and research on climate.
Medical and humanitarian harms of restrictive European migration policies
Medical and humanitarian harms of restrictive European migrat...
Conflict, persecution, poverty, food insecurity and natural disasters—increasingly fueled by climate change—continue to drive migration globally. Yet many wealthy countries are doubling down on hostile policies to prevent people from seeking safety within their borders, thereby subjecting them to a wide range of harms. In a newly-published report MSF focuses on European Union and member state policies that intensify exposure to violence, exploitation, risk of drowning at sea, disease, and lack of access to basic health care and shelter, both within European Union borders and beyond. The Collection linked below presents this report alongside selected publications illustrating the broader context, based on quantitative studies and accounts from MSF patients and medical teams over nearly a decade of operational experience along the European migration route. From violent, squalid detention centers in Libya— where people intercepted by the EU-supported Libyan coast guard are forcibly returned —to perilous Mediterranean crossings in flimsy rubber boats and often abysmal reception centers and camps within the EU, it documents how these policies and practices further harm highly vulnerable people seeking safety and protection.
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Healthcare needs of older people in humanitarian settings

Globally, the number of older people is rapidly increasing, with those aged 60+ expected to more than double by 2050—yet in humanitarian crises, they remain one of the most neglected groups. Older adults often face higher risks due to chronic illnesses, mobility issues, and limited access to appropriate care, especially in low-resource or emergency settings. Despite these needs, humanitarian responses rarely prioritize them, and data on their health and mortality are often lacking.


This collection reflects MSF’s ongoing examination of its own data and practices to identify pathways toward more age-inclusive services in humanitarian crises. It includes analysis of data from MSF-supported mental health services, inpatient departments, and sexual violence services, and further offers several calls to action and reflections on why older people remain overlooked in humanitarian crises. However, MSF also acknowledges major challenges remain, including inadequate age-inclusive services, data gaps, and the need for more geriatric expertise.


Watch this space for more publications from a Lancet Healthy Longevity series on healthcare rights and needs of older people.


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